The Role of Globalization, Economic Growth and Natural Resources on the Ecological Footprint in Thailand: Evidence from Nonlinear Causal Estimations

The environmental issue has become a global problem that needs to be examined frequently, motivating researchers investigate it. Thus, the present study investigated asymmetric impact of globalization, economic growth and natural resources on ecological footprint in presence Kuznets curve (EKC) Thailand. used annual time series data from 1970 2018. applied novel method nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL). In particular, current effect positive negative shocks independent variable dependent variable. findings have confirmed globalization are significant nonlinear. However, is more dominant Thailand than both variables. Moreover, also tested EKC Thailand, confirm an inverted U-shape economy.